WorldWho really owns the Caspian Sea?

Iran, Russia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan and Turkmenistan border the Caspian, but none has a fixed ownership share. A 2018 convention created a special legal regime covering territorial waters, fishing, navigation and security without dividing the entire surface among the five states. Seabed boundaries remain subject to agreements between neighboring countries, with Iran’s southern boundaries politically sensitive.

Caspian SeaIranmaritime law

DDW★★★☆☆2026-08-19 09:02Original